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Dr. Maria Montessori was born in Italy in 1870 of Jewish parentage. She was the first woman in Italy to be admitted to a Medical School (in spite of intense male chauvinism opposing her entry into a male dominated profession) & to graduate with a double first degree from the University of Rome beating all her male colleagues. She practiced as a medical doctor; became an assistant at the Psychiatric Clinic at the University of Rome and Director of the Orthophrenic School in a Roman slum, which she had established in order to teach these children; was the holder of the Chair of Hygiene at the Feminine University of Rome; and was professor of Anthropology at the University of Rome. She was also the permanent examiner of the Faculty of Pedagogy at the University. She had observed how retarded and disturbed children could concentrate and absorb skills and knowledge whenever they worked with their hands. She invented her famous materials to reach out to those children with much success and then vowed to extend their efficacy to all children throughout the world. Her studies brought her to the conclusion that the first 6 years of a child’s potential for absorption of knowledge and intellectual development is the most intense.
In 1906 she renounced all her positions and her medical practice in order to
dedicate herself to the study and education of young children and the
training of teachers. In 1907 her Home of Children in San Lorenzo district
became world famous. Dr. Montessori worked in France, Germany, England,
Austria, India, Holland, Argentina, Scandinavia, Pakistan, Ceylon and
United States. She was advised by many to patent her materials and to
copyright her name but she refused to do so as she strongly believed that
education belongs to the world! She died in Holland at the age of 82.

 

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Last modified January 1, 2009